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BoC Held Again at 2.25% — But a Rate Hike Is Now More Likely Than Not Before Year-End

 

Bond markets put the odds of an October 28 hike at 57%. Here's what the big banks are forecasting, what it means for your mortgage payment, and how to think about your next move.

The Bank of Canada kept its overnight rate at 2.25% on September 2 — the seventh consecutive hold since the last cut in October 2025. On the surface, nothing changed. Below the surface, everything did.

Governor Tiff Macklem's post-decision language was the most hawkish the Bank has sounded in over a year. He flagged that persistently high oil prices (Brent has since touched $107) and new U.S. tariffs — combined with Canada's own $27.6 billion retaliation list — are creating genuine upside risks to inflation. The BoC's August deliberations summary, released September 16, confirmed the Governing Council is now actively weighing a hike, not just a hold.

The August CPI reading that came in on September 14 didn't settle anything: headline inflation held at 3.0% year-over-year, but price pressure broadened beneath the surface. Bond markets responded immediately.

📈 Where markets stand right nowBond markets are now pricing a57% probabilityof a 25-basis-point hike on October 28, and99% oddsof at least one hike by December 9. That's a complete reversal from early September, when the odds of a hike before year-end were near zero.
2.25%Current BoC overnight rate — 7th consecutive hold
57%Bond market odds of a hike on Oct 28
4.45%Big Six prime rate — unchanged since Oct 2025
3.0%Canada Aug CPI (YoY) — above the 2% target

What the Big Banks Are Forecasting

This is where it gets interesting — and where the banks genuinely disagree.

BankOct 28 CallDec 9 CallEnd-2027 Target
National Bank↑ 2.50%↑ 2.75%2.75%
Scotiabank↑ 2.50%↑ 2.75–3.00%3.00%
RBCHold 2.25%Hold 2.25%3.25% (by end-2027)
CIBCHold 2.25%Hold 2.25%2.75% (mid-2027)
BMOHold 2.25%Hold 2.25%2.50–2.75% (2027)
TDHold 2.25%Hold 2.25%2.25% (hold through 2027)

The four banks forecasting a hold through year-end point to the August 22 trade-talk collapse as the dominant signal: the 50% U.S. tariffs now on Canadian goods are a real drag on growth, and hiking into a trade war could compound the damage. The two calling for hikes argue that oil above $100 and tariff-driven inflation can't be ignored when CPI is already a full percentage point above target.

A Reuters poll of 35 economists found 47% expecting at least one rate increase by the end of the second quarter of 2027. Not one economist expects a cut before then.

What the split means for youThe disagreement isn't noise — it's a genuine signal of how uncertain the path is. If you're making a mortgage decision right now, you're not choosing between two outcomes with known probabilities. You're choosing between two scenarios with very different consequences.
  • Scenario A (National Bank/Scotia): BoC hikes to 2.75% by December. Prime rate rises to 4.95%. Variable mortgage holders see immediate payment increases.
  • Scenario B (RBC/TD/BMO/CIBC): BoC holds through year-end. No prime rate change until 2027 at earliest. Variable borrowers stay where they are.

The Real Math: What a Hike Does to Your Mortgage Payment

If the BoC hikes 25 basis points on October 28 (bringing the rate to 2.50% and prime to 4.70%), here's the monthly payment impact on a variable-rate mortgage:

Mortgage BalanceCurrent Payment*After +0.25% HikeAfter +0.50% (Dec)
$300,000~$1,620/mo+$38/mo+$76/mo
$400,000~$2,160/mo+$50/mo+$100/mo
$600,000~$3,240/mo+$75/mo+$151/mo
$800,000~$4,321/mo+$101/mo+$202/mo

*Estimates based on a 25-year amortization at prime minus 0.65% (current typical variable rate discount). Actual payment changes depend on your lender and mortgage terms.

Those numbers sound manageable on paper. But they arrive on top of renewal shock already hitting Canadians in 2026: roughly one-third of all Canadian mortgage holders are renewing this year, and 75% of those face a roughly 20% increase in monthly payments as pandemic-era fixed rates expire. Five-year variable borrowers with fixed-payment mortgages could see increases approaching 40%. Adding a prime rate hike to that picture makes a difficult renewal season harder.

The Two Data Points That Decide the October 28 Vote

The BoC's Governing Council doesn't meet again until October 28 — and there are exactly two major Canadian data releases before then that will move the needle:

Sept 26Canada August Retail Sales — If spending held up despite tariffs, it strengthens the case for a hike. A weak number buys the holds camp ammunition.
Oct 9Canada September Employment — August shed 41,700 jobs. If September shows further softening, the Bank will struggle to hike into a weakening labour market. A rebound shifts momentum back to National Bank and Scotia's call.
Oct 17Canada September CPI — The final inflation reading before the decision. If tariff pass-through has pushed core inflation higher, the BoC's hand is forced. If it holds steady, they have room to wait.
Oct 28Bank of Canada Rate Decision + Monetary Policy Report — The full MPR arrives alongside this decision, meaning the BoC will publish updated forecasts. This is the most information-rich announcement of 2026.
41Days until the October 28 BoC decision
The next announcement is the most consequential one of the year — and the first with a full Monetary Policy Report since July.

What Should You Actually Do?

There's no universally right answer here — it depends on your situation. But here's a reasonable framework:

If you're on a variable rate and renewing in the next 6 months: Start running the numbers on fixed rates now. The best 5-year fixed is sitting around 3.94–4.09% as of mid-September — still below where it was a year ago, but bond yields are climbing. If a 57% chance of an October hike (and 99% odds by December) makes your budget uncomfortable, locking in now eliminates that uncertainty. What you're paying for is certainty, not a lower rate.

If you're on a variable rate and your renewal is 12+ months out: You have time to watch the October 28 decision and the MPR projections before acting. Don't lock in out of anxiety — that's the most expensive reason to make a mortgage decision.

If you're buying in the next few months: Model both scenarios in your budget: current prime (4.45%) and prime plus 0.50% (4.95%). If the higher number makes the payment unworkable, the answer is less house, not a bet on the BoC holding.

If you're on a fixed rate: Your payment doesn't change until renewal. But watch the October 28 MPR projections carefully — they'll set expectations for where rates are headed in 2027, which is when many current fixed-rate holders will be shopping for their next term.

The bottom lineThe Bank of Canada is not about to raise rates the way it did in 2022–2023 — we're talking about the difference between 2.25% and 2.75%, not 2.25% and 5.00%. But the direction has definitively shifted. The debate among economists is no longer about whether there will be a cut. It's about when the first hike arrives, and how far it goes. For anyone renewing a mortgage in the next year, that shift matters.

The next scheduled Bank of Canada rate announcement is Wednesday, October 28, 2026, at 9:45 a.m. ET — with the full Monetary Policy Report released at the same time. MoneySavings.ca will have full coverage the morning of the decision.

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